项目名称：FENIX艺术博物馆

地点：鹿特丹，荷兰

设计团队：MAD建筑事务所

建筑面积：8000 m²

竣工时间：2025年

摄影：Iwan Baan, Titia Hahne, Iris van den Broek

设计特色：

项目 - MAD建筑事务所将鹿特丹港区一座具有历史意义的16000平方米航运仓库改造为FENIX艺术博物馆，这是一座专门通过艺术视角探索移民主题的全新文化机构。该项目于2025年完工，标志着MAD建筑事务所首个欧洲公共文化建筑项目的落成，同时也是首座由中国建筑事务所在欧洲建造的博物馆。

FENIX艺术博物馆的设计围绕一个清晰的概念展开：在尊重工业遗产的基础上，创造连接过去与未来的文化空间。建筑师没有彻底重建这座百年仓库，而是通过精心的修复和当代介入，保留了建筑的历史特征，包括恢复172米长立面至1950年代的战后外观，修复特色滑动门并重新涂成原始绿色。

项目的核心亮点是位于建筑中心的"龙卷风"（Tornado）——一座双螺旋楼梯，由297块抛光不锈钢板包覆，从地面层螺旋上升穿透屋顶，通向24米高的户外观景平台。这一动态结构不仅提供了壮观的鹿特丹和马斯河全景，更成为整个博物馆的视觉和精神核心。龙卷风内部是一条550米长的双螺旋木质楼梯，采用可持续的挪威Kebony改性木材制成。

材料选择方面，建筑师特意保留了仓库原有的混凝土柱和开放空间，创造了跨越两层的灵活展览空间。地面层包含展览和活动空间，而楼上画廊则专门陈列FENIX收藏品。建筑中央的玻璃屋顶为龙卷风提供自然采光，同时照亮下方的入口中庭。

可持续性设计方面，建筑配备了6750平方米的景天植物绿色屋顶，按照呼应龙卷风形态的同心圆图案布局。建筑采用热能储存系统（TES），将建筑多余热量储存在土壤中，通过热泵产生适宜的室内温度，可节省高达60%的供暖能耗和80%的制冷能耗。

通过将历史保护、当代介入与可持续技术相结合，MAD建筑事务所创造了一个超越传统博物馆概念的文化目的地，真实地表达了FENIX博物馆通过艺术探索人类迁徙历史的使命，同时为鹿特丹港区注入了新的活力。

设计团队 - MAD建筑事务所成立于2004年，由马岩松创立，目前由马岩松、党群和早野洋介共同领导。该事务所致力于发展未来主义、有机化、技术先进的设计，体现了对东方自然亲和力的当代诠释。

事务所的代表作品包括鄂尔多斯博物馆（2011年）、哈尔滨大剧院（2015年）、光之隧道（2018年，日本）和海口云洞图书馆（2021年）等，其中哈尔滨大剧院被《电讯报》评为"世界最佳音乐厅"，并荣获ArchDaily年度建筑奖文化建筑类别奖项。

在马岩松、党群和早野洋介的持续领导下，MAD已获得多项国际认可，包括多次荣获A+设计奖、世界建筑新闻奖（WAN Awards）和高层建筑与城市住宅委员会奖（CTBUH）。马岩松毕业于北京建筑工程学院和耶鲁大学建筑学院；党群毕业于清华大学建筑学院和伊利诺伊理工学院；早野洋介毕业于京都工艺纤维大学和哥伦比亚大学建筑学院，三人的国际化背景为事务所带来了多元视角。

MAD的设计方法论强调基于居民精神和情感需求的未来城市愿景，努力在人性、城市和环境之间创造平衡。他们将建筑视为连接传统与现代、东方与西方的桥梁，在FENIX艺术博物馆项目中充分展现了这一理念。

Project Name: FENIX ART MUSEUM

Location: Rotterdam, Netherlands

Design Team: MAD Architects

Total Floor Area: 8000 m²

Completion: 2025

Photography: Iwan Baan, Titia Hahne, Iris van den Broek

Design Features:

Project - MAD Architects transformed a historic 16,000-square-meter shipping warehouse in Rotterdam's port district into the FENIX Art Museum, a major new cultural institution exploring migration through the lens of art. Completed in 2025, this project marks MAD Architects' first public cultural building in Europe and represents the first museum built by a Chinese architecture firm in Europe.

The design of FENIX Art Museum began with a clear concept: creating a cultural space that connects past and future while respecting industrial heritage. Rather than completely rebuilding the century-old warehouse, the architects implemented careful restoration and contemporary interventions, preserving the building's historic character including restoring the 172-meter-long façade to its 1950s post-war appearance and refurbishing the characteristic sliding doors in their original green color.

The core highlight of the project is the centrally positioned "Tornado"—a double-helix staircase clad in 297 polished stainless steel panels that spirals from the ground floor through the roof to an outdoor viewing platform 24 meters above ground level. This dynamic structure not only provides spectacular panoramic views of Rotterdam and the Maas River but also serves as the visual and spiritual core of the entire museum. Inside the Tornado is a 550-meter-long double-helix wooden staircase made from sustainable Norwegian Kebony modified wood.

In terms of material selection, the architects deliberately preserved the warehouse's original concrete columns and open spaces, creating flexible exhibition areas across two floors. The ground floor contains exhibition and programming spaces, while the upper galleries are dedicated to the FENIX Collection. A glass roof above the central atrium provides natural light for the Tornado while illuminating the entrance lobby below.

Regarding sustainable design, the building features a 6,750-square-meter green roof planted with sedum arranged in concentric patterns echoing the Tornado's form. The building employs a Thermal Energy System (TES) that stores excess heat in the soil and uses a heat pump to generate appropriate indoor temperatures, saving up to 60% in heating energy and 80% in cooling energy.

By combining historic preservation, contemporary intervention, and sustainable technology, MAD Architects has created a cultural destination that transcends traditional museum concepts, authentically expressing FENIX Museum's mission to explore human migration history through art while injecting new vitality into Rotterdam's port district.

Design Team - MAD Architects was established in 2004 by Ma Yansong and is currently led by Ma Yansong, Dang Qun, and Yosuke Hayano. The firm is committed to developing futuristic, organic, technologically advanced designs that embody a contemporary interpretation of the Eastern affinity for nature.

Representative works include Ordos Museum (2011), Harbin Opera House (2015), Tunnel of Light (2018, Japan), and Cloudscape of Haikou (2021), with Harbin Opera House being recognized as one of "The World's Best Concert Halls" by Telegraph and winning the ArchDaily Building of the Year Award in the Culture Architecture category.

Under the continued leadership of Ma Yansong, Dang Qun, and Yosuke Hayano, MAD has gained international recognition, including multiple A+ Awards, WAN Awards, and Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) awards. Ma Yansong graduated from Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture and Yale School of Architecture; Dang Qun graduated from Tsinghua University School of Architecture and Illinois Institute of Technology; Yosuke Hayano graduated from Kyoto Institute of Technology and Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, their international backgrounds bringing diverse perspectives to the firm.

MAD's design methodology emphasizes a vision for future cities based on residents' spiritual and emotional needs, striving to create balance between humanity, the city, and the environment. They view architecture as a bridge connecting tradition and modernity, East and West, a philosophy fully demonstrated in the FENIX Art Museum project.